Guided reading

2021 is both a "resource utilization year" and a "low-carbon development year" for the sewage treatment industry

During the "14th five year plan" period, sewage treatment and resource utilization were steadily promoted. The county's sewage treatment, urban sludge disposal and reclaimed water use were the main incremental space, and the facility construction focused on the four directions of pipe network, treatment facilities, reclaimed utilization facilities and sludge disposal;

Under the background of "double carbon", the sewage treatment industry, as a major energy consumer, is also seeking the road of low-carbon transformation;

When the three-year action goal and task of rural human settlement environment improvement are fully completed, how to achieve rural revitalization and overall improvement of rural environment?

Therefore, the state has issued relevant policies and standards to further promote the healthy and orderly development of the water treatment industry.

Key words 1: sewage resource utilization

Ten departments including the national development and Reform Commission issued the guiding opinions on promoting the utilization of sewage resources

Issued on: January 4, 2021

Issuing Departments: National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of science and technology, Ministry of industry and information technology, Ministry of finance, Ministry of natural resources, Ministry of ecological environment, Ministry of housing and urban rural development, Ministry of water resources, Ministry of agriculture and rural areas and General Administration of market supervision

Implementation time:

Main content: ten departments including the national development and Reform Commission issued the guiding opinions on promoting the utilization of sewage resources (fghz [2021] No. 13), which clearly put forward the requirements of 25% of renewable water use in northern cities and 35% of renewable water use in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. According to the opinions, in 2025, the national sewage collection efficiency will be significantly improved, the sewage treatment capacity of counties and cities will basically meet the needs of local economic and social development, and the sewage treatment in water environment sensitive areas will basically be upgraded; The utilization rate of reclaimed water in cities with water shortage at prefecture level and above has reached more than 25%, and that in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei has reached more than 35%; The reuse of industrial water, livestock and poultry manure and the resource utilization of fishery tail water have been significantly improved; The policy system and market mechanism for sewage resource utilization have been basically established. By 2035, a systematic, safe, environmental friendly and economic pattern of sewage resource utilization will be formed.

According to the guidance, the key areas of sewage resource utilization in China include urban domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and agricultural and rural sewage.

Accelerate the resource utilization of urban domestic sewage. In water shortage areas, especially water quality water shortage areas, priority shall be given to converting the discharged water up to the standard into available water resources and replenishing the natural water body nearby. In resource-based water shortage areas, water supply shall be determined according to demand and quality, and reclaimed water shall be popularized for industrial production, municipal miscellaneous use and ecological water replenishment. Ecological water replenishment is one of the key measures for water environment treatment. At present, the effluent quality of most urban sewage treatment plants in China is good, especially the main water quality indicators such as chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus can meet or close to the replenishment requirements of environmental water bodies such as rivers and lakes.

Actively promote the resource utilization of industrial wastewater. Carry out enterprise water audit, water efficiency benchmarking and water-saving transformation, and promote the recycling of industrial water within enterprises. Carry out water quality monitoring and evaluation and water management for industrial wastewater recycling.

Steadily promote the resource utilization of agricultural and rural sewage. Promote the modular process technology combining engineering and ecology, and promote the nearby and local resource utilization of rural domestic sewage.

In addition, the guidance also defines six key projects such as the construction of sewage collection and resource utilization facilities. It is proposed to promote the full coverage of urban sewage pipe network, focusing on the repair of damaged urban sewage pipe network, the renewal of old pipe network and the transformation of mixed and wrong connection. By 2025, a number of scientific and technological innovation pilot projects of near zero discharge of industrial wastewater in national high-tech zones will be completed.

Significance: the national development and Reform Commission issued the guidance jointly with nine departments, and put forward a series of effective measures in line with China's reality, which can not only improve the supply capacity of water resources and alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand, but also reduce water pollution and ensure water ecological security. It is of great significance to promote the construction of ecological civilization and realize high-quality development.

The two departments issued the development plan for urban sewage treatment and resource utilization in the 14th five year plan

Issued on: June 6, 2021

Issued by: National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of housing and urban rural development

Implementation time:/

Main contents: the plan specifies that by 2025, the direct discharge outlet of domestic sewage and the blank area of collection and treatment facilities in urban built-up areas will be basically eliminated, and the centralized collection rate of urban domestic sewage in China will strive to reach more than 70%; The sewage treatment capacity of cities and counties basically meets the needs of economic and social development, and the sewage treatment rate of counties reaches more than 95%; Sewage treatment in water environment sensitive areas basically meets the class I a discharge standard; The utilization rate of reclaimed water in water deficient cities at prefecture level and above in China will reach more than 25%, that in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei will reach more than 35%, and that in water deficient cities at prefecture level and above in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin will strive to reach 30%; The harmless disposal rate of urban sludge reached more than 90%.

The plan puts forward that during the 14th Five Year Plan period, efforts should be made to promote the construction of urban sewage treatment infrastructure and make up for weaknesses. First, make up the short board of urban sewage pipe network and improve the collection efficiency. 80000 km of sewage collection pipe network will be added and reconstructed. Second, strengthen the weaknesses of urban sewage treatment facilities and improve the treatment capacity. The newly increased sewage treatment capacity is 20 million m3 / day. Third, strengthen the construction of recycling facilities and promote the resource utilization of sewage. The production capacity of newly built, reconstructed and expanded reclaimed water shall not be less than 15 million m3 / day. Fourth, solve the difficulties of sludge disposal, realize harmlessness and promote recycling. The scale of new sludge harmless treatment facilities shall not be less than 20000 tons / day.

The plan puts forward detailed technical requirements for the construction of sewage treatment and resource utilization facilities.

Scope of application: cities, counties and established towns all over the country (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan). Planning period: 2021-2025, looking forward to 2035.

Significance: in recent years, China has carried out a lot of work in the prevention and control of urban environmental pollution, and the environmental quality has been significantly improved, but it is still faced with problems such as shortage of water resources, water environmental pollution and water ecological damage. Doing a good job in sewage collection, treatment and resource utilization is an important starting point for coordinating the treatment of water resources, water environment and water ecology, and deepening the battle of pollution prevention and control. It can significantly reduce water environment pollution, repair water ecological security, alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources, improve urban living environment, promote the modernization of urban governance system and governance capacity, and accelerate the construction of ecological civilization, It plays an important role in promoting high-quality development. The development plan for urban sewage treatment and resource utilization during the 14th Five Year Plan period (fghz [2021] No. 827) is issued at the right time, which puts forward a clear timetable, task statement and road map for the construction and operation of urban sewage collection and treatment, resource utilization and sludge harmless resource treatment and disposal facilities during the 14th Five Year Plan period.

Key words 2: sludge treatment and disposal

The document containing the requirement of "moisture content of sludge transported from sewage treatment plant below 50%" was abolished

Issued on: January 8, 2021

Issued by: Ministry of ecological environment

Implementation time: from the date of promulgation

Main contents: on January 8, the Ministry of ecology and environment issued the decision on Abolishing and amending some ecological and environmental regulations and normative documents, including the notice on strengthening the prevention and control of sludge pollution in urban sewage treatment plants (HB [2010] No. 157), The clause contained in the notice that "if the sewage treatment plant transports the sludge out of the plant boundary for the purpose of storage (i.e. no treatment and disposal), the sludge must be dewatered to below 50% moisture content" may also be cancelled.

(1) The sewage treatment plant shall be responsible for the treatment and disposal of sludge generated in the sewage treatment process, and it is strictly prohibited to dump, stack, discard and scatter sludge without authorization.

(2) If the sewage treatment plant transports the sludge out of the plant boundary for the purpose of storage (i.e. no treatment and disposal), the sludge must be dewatered to a moisture content of less than 50%.

(3) Establish account and transfer receipt system, standardize sludge transportation and implement information disclosure.

Significance: the repeal of the notice issued by the former Ministry of environmental protection is an inevitable trend for the improvement of laws and regulations in China's sludge treatment and disposal industry, and a manifestation of "keeping pace with the times". At present, the "superior law" commonly referred to by China's sludge treatment and disposal industry includes the regulations on urban drainage and sewage treatment issued in 2013, the water pollution prevention and control law revised in 2017 and the solid waste pollution prevention and control law revised in 2020, all of which clearly stipulate that the sludge of urban sewage treatment plants should be treated and disposed, And ensure that the treated sludge meets the relevant national standards. The notice issued by the former Ministry of environmental protection is inconsistent with the provisions in the current regulations on urban drainage and sewage treatment and the law on water pollution prevention and control, which is mainly reflected in the following two aspects: first, it is not allowed to transport the sludge from the sewage treatment plant to the factory without treatment in the existing laws and regulations; Second, the sludge is dewatered to a moisture content of less than 50%, which is inconsistent with the existing national standard. Therefore, the abolition of the notice is the general trend.

Sludge is listed as prohibited raw material for agricultural organic fertilizer

Issued on: May 7, 2021

Issued by: Ministry of agriculture and rural areas

Implementation time: June 1, 2021

Main content: the new organic fertilizer standard ny525-2021 clearly stipulates that it is prohibited to select prohibited raw materials with potential safety hazards, such as fly ash, steel slag, sludge, domestic waste (except kitchen waste after classified aging), materials containing alien invasive species and materials prohibited by laws and regulations. Organic fertilizer is a circulating commodity. The state will give the batch number of organic fertilizer after examination, so as to circulate, sell and earn profits in the market.

Scope of application: it is suitable for commercial organic fertilizer made from livestock manure, straw and other organic wastes after fermentation and decomposition. This document does not apply to green manure, farm manure and other organic manure produced by farmers.

Significance: the newly revised agricultural industry standard of organic fertilizer adds safety indicators such as product maturity, defines the classified management directory of organic fertilizer production raw materials, and refines the contents such as packaging identification. Compared with the standard before revision, the revised standard is more scientific and practical, and will play an important role in promoting the healthy development of organic fertilizer industry.

Key words 3: rural residential environment renovation

Five year action plan for improvement of Rural Human Settlements (2021-2025)

Issued on: December 5, 2021

Issued by: General Office of the CPC Central Committee and general office of the State Council

Implementation time:/

Main contents: the action goal of Mr. is to significantly improve the rural living environment and make new progress in the construction of ecologically livable and beautiful countryside by 2025. The popularization rate of sanitary toilets in rural areas has increased steadily, and toilet feces have basically been effectively treated; The treatment rate of rural domestic sewage has been continuously improved, and disorderly dumping and discharge have been controlled; The level of harmless treatment of rural domestic waste has been significantly improved, and villages with conditions have realized domestic waste classification and source reduction; The governance level of rural residential environment has been significantly improved, and a long-term management and protection mechanism has been basically established.

In the eastern region, the central and Western suburban areas and other basic and conditional areas, we will comprehensively improve the construction level of rural residential environment infrastructure, basically popularize rural sanitary toilets, significantly improve the treatment rate of rural domestic sewage, basically realize the harmless treatment of rural domestic waste, promote the pilot demonstration of classified treatment, and fully establish a long-term management and protection mechanism.

In the areas with good foundation and basic conditions in the central and western regions, the infrastructure of rural living environment has been continuously improved, rural household toilets are willing to be improved, the treatment rate of rural domestic sewage has been effectively improved, the collection, transportation and disposal system of rural domestic waste has basically achieved full coverage, and a long-term management and protection mechanism has been basically established.

Located in remote and economically underdeveloped areas, the infrastructure of rural living environment has been significantly improved, the penetration rate of rural sanitary toilets has gradually increased, the treatment level of rural domestic sewage and garbage has been improved, and the appearance of villages has been continuously improved.

Significance: in terms of safeguard measures, this action plan has deepened from exploring and establishing mechanisms to promoting long-term governance. Give more prominence to mechanism construction, emphasize improving the work promotion mechanism guided by quality and effectiveness and based on Farmers' satisfaction, build a systematic, standardized and long-term policy system, and improve the governance level of rural human settlements. By improving the rural living environment and polishing the green background of beautiful China and beautiful countryside, we can provide a good production and living environment for farmers, promote the transformation of ecological advantages into economic advantages, and accelerate agricultural and rural modernization.

Technical requirements for operation effect evaluation of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities

GB∕T 40201-2021

Issued on: May 21, 2021

Issued by: State Administration of market supervision and administration, National Standardization Administration

Implementation time: December 1, 2021

Main contents: this standard specifies the general principles, evaluation indexes, calculation methods, evaluation methods and evaluation reports for the operation effect evaluation of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities. This standard is applicable to rural domestic sewage treatment facilities (scale ≤ 500m) ³/ d) Operation effect evaluation.

Scope of application: applicable to rural domestic sewage treatment facilities (scale ≤ 500m) ³/ d) Operation effect evaluation

Significance: it provides a technical basis for the operation effect evaluation of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities, will improve the technical level and service quality of the operation service organization of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities in China, and will help to build a beautiful countryside and promote rural revitalization.

Key words 4: energy saving and carbon reduction

Special management measures for investment in the central budget for pollution control, energy conservation and carbon reduction

Issued on: May 9, 2021

Issued by: National Development and Reform Commission

Implementation time:/

Main contents: this special project focuses on supporting the construction of environmental infrastructure such as sewage and garbage treatment, energy conservation and carbon reduction, resource conservation and efficient utilization, and highlighting environmental pollution control.

Focus on supporting the construction of environmental infrastructure projects such as sewage treatment, sewage resource utilization, classification and treatment of urban domestic waste, centralized disposal of urban medical waste and hazardous waste.

Sewage treatment, sewage resource utilization projects, urban domestic waste classification and treatment projects shall be controlled according to the East, middle, West and northeast regions, which shall not exceed 30%, 45%, 60% and 60% of the total investment of the project respectively. In principle, the amount of support for a single project shall not exceed 50 million yuan, except for major innovation demonstration projects.

The project of centralized disposal facilities for urban medical waste and hazardous waste shall not exceed 15%, 20%, 25% and 25% of the total investment of the project in the East, middle, West and northeast regions respectively. Among them, the centralized disposal projects of medical waste in county-level areas shall not exceed 30%, 40%, 50% and 50% of the total project investment in the East, middle, West and northeast respectively, and the amount of support for a single project shall not exceed 50 million yuan in principle, except for major innovation demonstration projects.

Focus on supporting the energy-saving and carbon reduction transformation of key industries such as electric power, iron and steel, nonferrous metals, building materials, petrochemical, chemical industry, coal, coking, textile, papermaking, printing and dyeing, machinery, comprehensive energy efficiency improvement such as cascade utilization of energy and optimization of energy system in key energy users and parks, energy-saving upgrading and comprehensive energy efficiency improvement of urban buildings, transportation, lighting, heating and other infrastructure, Energy conservation and carbon reduction of public institutions, demonstration, promotion and application of major green low-carbon, zero carbon and negative carbon technologies, reduction and substitution of coal consumption and clean and efficient utilization, green industry demonstration base and other projects.

Energy saving and carbon reduction projects shall not exceed 15% of the total investment of the project. In principle, relevant projects of central and state organs shall be fully subsidized.

Support the development of circular economy, the comprehensive utilization of resources and the construction of water resources conservation projects in all localities. Resource saving and efficient utilization projects shall not exceed 15% of the total investment of the project. Among them, straw (agricultural and forestry residues) comprehensive utilization project and seawater desalination project shall not exceed 30% of the total investment of the project.

Focus on supporting collaborative treatment of fine particulate matter and ozone pollution, third-party treatment of environmental pollution, cleaner production in key industries and demonstration of major environmental protection technologies. Specifically, support the collaborative treatment projects of fine particulate matter and ozone pollution in cities with substandard ozone and cities in key regions such as Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta, Fenwei plain and the junction area between Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong and Henan; Support the third-party treatment projects of environmental pollution in the park that have passed the third-party assessment; Support key industries such as electric power, iron and steel, petrochemical, chemical, building materials, electroplating, papermaking, printing and dyeing and food to implement cleaner production technology and equipment upgrading and transformation demonstration projects.

Highlight environmental pollution control projects, which shall not exceed 15% of the total investment of the project.

Scope of application: the investment in the central budget of this special project shall be used for planned new projects or projects under construction with complete preliminary procedures and conditions for commencement, and shall not be used for completed (including trial operation) projects in principle

Significance: it can strengthen and standardize the investment management within the special central budget for pollution control and energy conservation and carbon reduction, improve the efficiency of the use of central funds, and mobilize the enthusiasm of social capital to participate in pollution control, energy conservation and carbon reduction.

The national development and Reform Commission and other departments printed and distributed the plan for the construction of water-saving society in the 14th five year plan

Issued on: November 8, 2021

Issued by: National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of water resources, Ministry of housing and urban rural development, Ministry of industry and information technology, Ministry of agriculture and rural areas

Implementation time:/

Main contents: the plan specifies that by 2025, the shortcomings of water-saving infrastructure and weak regulatory capacity will be basically supplemented, and remarkable achievements will be made in the construction of water-saving society. The total water consumption will be controlled within 640 billion cubic meters, the water consumption of 10000 yuan GDP will be about 16.0% lower than that in 2020, and the water consumption of 10000 yuan industrial added value will be 16.0% lower than that in 2020, The effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water reaches 0.58, and the leakage rate of urban public water supply network is less than 9.0%.

According to the planning requirements, based on the existing sewage treatment plant, adhere to the combination of concentration and distribution, and reasonably arrange and construct sewage resource utilization facilities. Encourage the construction of distributed sewage treatment and recycling facilities in combination with the development of cluster cities. New urban areas in cities with water shortage areas shall plan and layout the reclaimed water pipe network, regulation and storage facilities, constructed wetland purification facilities, etc. in advance, and carry out construction in an orderly manner. Coastal areas and islands shall build direct seawater utilization projects and seawater desalination projects according to industrial utilization and domestic water demand. In arid and semi-arid areas, build a new type of pit efficient rainwater collection project to increase rainwater utilization. In North China, Northwest China and Northeast China, we will accelerate the construction of comprehensive utilization projects such as brackish water and mine water.

Scope of application: the plan implements the important requirements of "water determines the city, land, people and production", focuses on key fields such as agriculture, countryside, industry, cities and towns, and unconventional water source utilization, and comprehensively promotes the construction of a water-saving society.

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Key words 5: Medical Wastewater

The Ministry of housing and urban rural development issued the national standard technical standard for sewage treatment engineering of medical institutions (Draft for comments)

Issued on: April 14, 2021

Issued by: Ministry of housing and urban rural development, State Administration of market supervision and Administration

Implementation time:/

Main contents: the planning and engineering design of medical institutions shall include classified sewage collection, safe transportation and treatment facilities. The sewage treatment works of medical institutions shall be planned, designed, constructed and used simultaneously with the main works of the project.

The design of sewage treatment engineering of medical institutions shall be the responsibility of the main engineering design unit, and the design depth of each stage shall comply with the provisions of the state on the preparation depth of architectural engineering design documents.

The drainage in the medical institution area shall be separated from rain and sewage. The rainwater on the roof and ground of infectious disease medical institutions shall not be recycled, and shall be discharged in an organized manner. The rainwater system shall determine the setting of disinfection facilities according to the requirements of local environmental protection department or EIA report.

In the construction scheme of sewage treatment project of medical institutions, the development planning of medical institutions shall be considered as a whole, and the short-term and long-term shall be combined. The site selection and layout of the treatment station shall be determined after comprehensive comparison and selection through technical and economic analysis and environmental risk analysis

The sewage treatment project of medical institutions shall be organically combined with the construction planning and engineering design of medical institutions, and shall be incorporated into the health and safety management system of medical institutions.

Scope of application: this standard is applicable to the design, construction, acceptance, operation and management of sewage and sludge and waste gas treatment projects generated by sewage treatment stations of new, reconstructed and expanded medical institutions.

Significance: standardize the design, construction, installation, acceptance, operation, maintenance and management of sewage treatment projects in medical institutions, so as to achieve the purpose of pollution control, environmental protection, safe operation, advanced technology, economy and practicality.

Key words 5: Waste Leachate Treatment

The general office of the Ministry of housing and urban rural development issued the industrial standard technical standard for operation and maintenance of domestic waste leachate treatment plant (Draft for comments)

Issued on: February 3, 2021

Issued by: General Office of the Ministry of housing and urban rural development

Implementation time:/

Main contents: operation and maintenance posts shall be reasonably set and personnel shall be allocated according to the leachate treatment process and the scale of the plant and station

Relevant systems and procedures for operation management, post operation, three-level maintenance of equipment and facilities, emergency treatment and disposal shall be formulated and revised and improved regularly.

Management personnel shall know about leachate treatment process and relevant safety, quality and environmental regulations; The operation and maintenance personnel of each post shall be trained and qualified, and shall be assessed regularly.

The operation management and operation personnel shall have the professional knowledge required for the post and receive systematic pre job process training; Be familiar with the operation requirements and technical indicators of the treatment process, facilities and equipment of the plant.

Scope of application: this standard is applicable to leachate treatment plants and stations generated by new, reconstructed and expanded domestic waste treatment facilities, including domestic waste landfill leachate treatment plant station, domestic waste incineration plant leachate treatment plant station, domestic waste transfer station and other domestic waste leachate treatment stations.

Significance: standardize the process of operation, maintenance and safety management of domestic waste leachate treatment plant, further improve the technical and management level of domestic waste leachate treatment facilities, and achieve the purpose of stable operation and standard discharge of leachate treatment and disposal.